Road making and maintenance appliance



March 19, 1935. F. A. PEASE: 1,995,267

ROAD MAKING AND MAINTENANCE APPLIANCE Filed April 14, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 m o a o m N INVENTOR. Q0 E 614 mse m 4 N N 0M4 1 s a/j g; ATTORNEYS A F. A. PEASE 1,995,267

RO D MAkING AND MAINTENANCE APPLIANCE March 19, 1935.

Fild April 14, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 I 17/ /Al I N VEN TOR.

ATTO EYS.

Patented Mar. 19, 1935" I l UNITED sTArssPATENT f clings;--

f Roan MAKING AND MAINTENANCE APPLIANCE I Fred A. Pease,Cleveland-Heights, Ohio, assignor to Samuel H. Werner, J12, Tracy City, Tenn.

Application April 14, 1931, Serial No. 530,028

"1 Claims. (01. 94-44) This invention relating as indicated to road 011106. an Objectionable ridge in h fin h d mworking appliances has particular reference to face. I v

a form of construction which is primarily ded ab d fi cul y as be n xp enced in .signed to carry fortha method of re-surfacing t P in v y e ort to apply arelativel h roads and the like such as is disclosed and claimed layer of material to a road nw i hmm t f 5 in my co-pending application, serial No. 510,937, i o the type commonly referred to a e bound filed'January 24,, 1931 aggregates. This difiiculty has been due largely .As will be evident from the description in the to t e feet that plain sereperelements have been :aforesaid pending application, in order to propemployedjfol h Purpose of distributing. the i' erly re surface or finish roads which have imterialewithollt providing y means o l 8N 10 perfections on their surfaces, it is essential to p rfi y necking such n materiel into the employ an apparatus which, in t passage over depressions. Without first or simultaneously the road bed, will not be influenced by the imwith the d ess p at n t l ast superficially perfections occurring in the road which is to be Decking h newly added material in the desurfaced so that the resultant road bed contour pTeSSiOhS Which are to be corrected-lithe f of 15 7 produced by such apparatus will be practically the 5 9 blades, has n torca'rry; along w smooth. It is, therefore, essential that thepar- *them portion of t material which" Should ticular apparatus have uficient longitudinal havebeen retained. in the depressions. further and/or lateral extent so as to travel upon that necessity for a P e n hacking 0 the O portion of the road which has already been surbound eeereeeteswhen d' it read bed has .20-

faced so as to, in effect, stabilize that portion of been a high priced v nts a e usually added the apparatus which encounters the unevenport0 the ia which, unlessv the material ti of th Worn road which is to be worked packed so as to entrap such-solvents. .at least for When re-finishing a road by applying at least time being, will evaporate d he ca, uperficial layer of bitumen bound aggregate, .tiveness belost before the finishing operation 25 it is necessary that the implement employed to 15 completei 1 Y accomplish such finishing operation be capable It is among Objects Of my invention t0v P of manipulation at the end of the section being dllce f Working pp s-Which Shall have improved or intermediately of t ends t t all of the above named desirable characteristics. disturbing Such freshly applied urface. Other objects of my invention will appear as .the When the particular implement is drawn over deeenletien P e ds.

the surface to be finished, means should be pro- To t hv h hmeh e fhregoingand vided for establishing driving or drawing co n related ends, .sald invent on, then consists of the I tion to such implementso that as relatively hard means h ha h esclfibed a p rt ew local areas are encountered by the drag or like m pomtedput 1n tbi implement passing over the road, such hard areas T annexed drawings h lhe l e f will not'affect materially'the evenness of the pull S q t h 't h e m of the implement and further, no chattering or f eee t 1nVent10n.-Sucn f ed means excessive side swaying of the implement should constltumighoweverbut P Of h h 40 be permitted cal forms in Whlch the prlnclple of the invention 40 ma be used. When an implement in the form of a drag is y In said annexed drawings; employed: for the pulpose of dlstnbutmg layer Fig. 1 is a side elevational View of the apparatus of mammal Over W a plane comprisingmy invention; Fig. ,2 is a plan View of F Off at least 'superfimauy some of the hlgh Spots such apparatus; Fig.3 is a frag'mentary part sec-- of the bed so as to emp oy such scraped ell tional, part elevational view of a ortion of the terial to s p n the new material added- 130 apparatus illustrated infFig.,2 taken on a plane fill in the depressions in the road to the desired substantially indicated by the line 3-3; Fig. 4' is v level and contour, it is essential that the operata, transverse ti l i w f n ofth -t g inc blades or sc ape o sneh a or p nt versely extending road contactingrnembers' ithe so be arranged so as to effect a balanced distribllapparatus illustrated in the previous figures; Fig. tion of material over the area covered by the drag 5 i a fragmentary plan view of one end of such and further, to insure that the depressions will t n verse members; Fig. 6 isv an end view of the b p op y filled and that o material will be apparatus illustrated in'riat; andlnig. '1 is a discharged laterally from the drag so as to profragmentary sectional View of one endof the roll- 55 5 that the apparatus comprising my invention consists of longitudinally extending substantially parallel side frame members 1 and 2 which may be I beams as illustrated in the drawings or such frames linight be channels depending specifically upon the type of construction desired. The side frame members 1 and 2 are suitably cross-braced by members such as 3, 4, 5, and 6. The construction is further strengthened 'by'theemployment of a longitudinally extending intermediate memher 7 which is secured to the transverse members such as by riveting or the like.

The above described substantially rectangular frame supports and carries 'afplur'ality of angularly disposed scraper members such as 8, 9, 10, 11,

12, 13, 14, and 15, and a further member 16 preferably similar in its construction to the members just described but extending preferably atri'ght angles-across the rear end 'of the main frame of the implement'for the purpose hereinafter more fully described.

' The angularly arranged transverse members 8 tof15,-both inclusive, and the member-16 are preferabl'y" formed in the manner which is clearly illiistratdinFig/4. As indicated in this figure,

0 body of the element consists of an angle memibe r' l'lwhichhas one of the legs 18 arranged substantially normal to the horizontal plane of the "grader'and the other leg 19 extending substantially-parallel to suchplane and preferably for- :wardly in ithe'direction' which thegrader is to -n i o've during the operation. A hardenedremovablewearshoe 20 maybe secured to the leg 18 by ;means of bolts such as 21'. For the purposes hereina'fterjmore fully explained, the angle member '17 more specifically the 'leg- 19 thereof, will have (seemed thereto in the manner illustrated in Fig. 4 a'n'angle member 22, which has one leg 23 extnding substantially parallel to the leg 19 of the lan'gle 17 and'into'contact either with the member (I5 '20 orthe leg'l8. The other leg 24 of theangle member 22 extends substantially normal to the "lleg19 or parallel to the leg 18 so that the material "being spread over the road surface by the grader will'be forced under the leg23 of the angle 22.

5 "The angle 22 is removablysecured to the angle 19 "tween the two named angles. I It will be noted that as most" clearly illustrated in' Fig. '7. The roller;

by means of bolts such as 25, which have-associf ated therewith thimbles or sleeves 26, the axial extentof which determine the relative position be- 55 by varyingthe axial extent of the sleeve 26 the distance between thelower edge 27 of the scraper or grader element and the lower surface of the leg 23 ,of theangle 22 may be accurately controlled.

The ends 28 of the angularly related and trans- 80' versely extending members 8 and 16,'both inclusive, may have curb shoes 29 associated therewith,

p the construction of, which is most clearly illus- I trated in Figs. 5 and 6. As illustrated in these figures, the curb'shoes 29 comprise rebent portions 65" 30 diverging from the central portion so that as 70 ertures provided therefor in a laterally extending I the grader comes in contact with a curb, no damage will be done thereby. The shoes 29 are preferablyremovably secured to the members 1'7 by meansof bolts such as 31 which "pass through approjection 32 of such curb shoe and the leg 19 of 'fthe'angle 17.

n In orderto facilitatethe manipulation of the; road grader,"especiallytoassist in turning the v 5 v v sharper than -betweeneach succeeding -'pair of same inrelatively small spaces, I'provide' adjustable wheels 33 which are rotatably supported on opposite sides of the frame by the arms of a crank shaft 34, which is itself oscillatably supported in bearing blocks 35 carried in axial alignment on the opposite side frame members 1 and 2. The crank shaft 34 has rigidly secured thereto an arm 36 by means of which such crank shaft may be rotated-to move the wheels 33 into anydesired position. The position illustrated in full lines in Fig. 1 is that which the wheels will occupy during the actual operation of the grader and the dotted line position in such figure is that which the wheels will occupy when supporting the grader during the time it is turned in the road or otherwise manipulated.

In order to facilitate the actuation of the lever 36 and the resultant control over the wheels 33, I may provide'a cable 37 which, at one end, is secured to the arm 36, passes around a sheave 38 and at its other end is wound on a drum 39, the rotation of which may beeffecte'd by 'a rotation of .its associatedhandle 40. The drum 39 may be supported on suitable braces such as 41 carried by the transversemembers 3 and 4.

Theparticular form of construction illustrated.

in' the drawings isv designed to be moved over the road bed operated uponby'being'hitched to a "tractor or other suitable source ofmotivepower. -In order to'enable the grader to follow thesource OfLPOWGl most'evenly, without chattering which would produce inequalities'in the finished road surface, I provide novel means for hitching .the grader to the motive power such as the tractor. This means comprises a preferably continuous "cable 42 which is trained abouta selected pair of sheaves'43 which are mounted on'the forward ends of the side'frame members 1 and 2 by'means of -a bolt'44, a sleeve 45, bracket members lfi and bolts 47. The sheaves 43'are spaced by discs such 'as48. The cable 42 may have a ring 49 associated therewith to which the tractor or like motive power may be connected.

At the'rear end of the grader and rigidlyattached to the side frame members 1 and 2 are suitablycross-braced by members such as 52. The'arms 50 and 51 at their rearmost ends are secured to a substantially rectangular frame 53 which consists of longitudinal members $54 and transverse members 55. The-members 55 as most 58'consists of a tubular shell which has heads 59 secured therein adjacent the ends, which heads support a shaft 60, which is secured against axial movement by set screws such as 61. Y. Theshaft 60 projects into the bearing member-56 sothat the roller is rotatably supported by-meansofthe. side members 55. 1 i

Theparticular operation of the hereinbefore described apparatusis briefly as follows:' The apparatus will be hitched to a suitable source of? powersuch as a tractor and pulled over thesurface of the road to be'finished. A quantity of new material such as" oil' bound aggregate or the "like 1 having been previously, placed either onthe'road first metwith by'the angularly disposed'grader members}? and9 at the-forward endof the im- 'plementh 'lt will'be noted that theangularrelation'between the members 8 and 9 is considerably rearwardly extendingarms 50 and 51 whichare;

tobe repaired or in front ofthe grader, will be members. In fact, such angular relation between the several members decreases progressively throughout the length of the grader until the last member 16 occupies a position at. right angles to the longitudinal axis of the apparatus. One reason for the relatively sharp angle between the first pair of members 8 and 9 isthat for certain classes of work, these members are relied upon to scrape together, at least superficially, the mate-- rial on the road and by working the same as the grader progresses, such material will be mixed and prepared ready to be deposited evenly in the deproached where the baffles 14 and 15 are encountered, the primary object of which is to divert all of the material not already deposited to the central portion of the transverse member 16.

The object of diverting the excess undeposited materialto the center of this lasttransverse member is to insure the formation of a road bed having the desired even convex slope inasmuch as the grader is designed to move in a plurality of lateral contiguous paths longitudinally of the road, and due to the fact that the working edge of the last blade is substantially a straight line, chords instead of arcs would be formed by such last named blades. However, by localizing the excess material at the center of the last blade, the center will be slightly crowned so as to produce the proper curved contour to the finished road surface.

The arrangement of the several elements illustrated in Fig. 4 which constitute the cutting or scraping blades of the grader has advantages which may briefly be summarized as follows:

The material passing under the leg 23 of the angle 22 will be firmly compacted due to the weight of the grader itself before such material is met by the scraping or cutting member 20. The material will, therefore, be sufliciently packed on the road surface so as to entrap the solvents in the material which would readily evaporate otherwise. The packing of the material in front of the blades likewise enables the low areas to be filled with a solid body and then leveled off by means of the cutter blade without gouging out of such low places the material which has been added thereto. This particular formation of the cute ter or scraper elements is believed to be highly important to the .successful operation of appa ratus of the character described. The type of material which is operated upon should, of course, govern the vertical distance between the lower edge 27 of the cutter 20 and the lower surface of the leg 23 of the angle 22.

The curb guards of curved section securely attached to the ends of the blade frames, as hereinbefore described, fully prevent damage by the grader to the curbs which occur alongside of the road. When such curb guards are employed, the grader may be operated within close limits of the border of the highway or street so as to obviate the necessity of hand raking, scraping or otherwise working over the gutter section and to fill in the space which would not be treated with a grader not worked close to the curb.

The draft device at the front of the machine enables the same to be operated most evenly under varying circumstances. It is recognized that if the connection to the tractor or the, like is not made at the proper vertical point on the extent that the efiicient operation of the grader is interfered with. The particular form of construction of the draft device lends itself to easy manipulation of the grader and further, to adjustments which may be made quickly and easily. A tiller bar or'arm such as 62 may besecured as indicated most clearly in Figs. 1 and 2 to one or more sides of the grader sov that a work man following along the grader may accurately control itspcsitionch the road.

Theroller 58, rotatably supported in the framework extending rearwardly of the graderfand rigid'therewith, produces a dual result. First, such-roller will serve as a means for packing or rolling thesurface which has been finished by the grader and second, such roller by virtue of the :fact that it is carried in a rigid extension of the grader frame, serves as a' means for dampening or entirelyremoving oscillations in: the grader frame which would occur as thegrader "passes over undulations or irregular areas. in the road, in effect, the roller produces a straight edge eifect with the grader frame so that the surface produced by the grader will be free from imperfections.

Numerous other advantages result from the operation of the above described apparatus which, it is believed, will be so apparent to those familiar with the art of road building and maintenance that a further enumeration thereof at this point is unnecessary.

Other modes of applying the principle of my invention may be employed instead of the one explained, change being made as regards the mechanism herein disclosed, provided the means stated by any of the following claims or the equivalent of such stated means be employed.

I therefore particularly point out and'distinctly claimas my invention:

1. In a road working apparatus, the combination of a rigid frame, a plurality of angularly disposed scraper members supported by said frame, drawing means for said frame comprising a pluralityof paired rotatable sheaves supported in spaced relation on the forward end of said frame, and an endless cable around a selected pair of said sheaves. v

2. In a road working apparatus, the combination of a rigid frame, a plurality of angularly disposed scraper members supported by said frame, and curb guards having rebent terminal portions secured to the laterally projecting terminals of said members. p

3. In combination with a road working apparatus, a working tool comprising a blade extending substantially normal to the surface to be worked, and an independent material packing member extending forwardly from said blade, said member comprising an angle bar having one face parallel to the surface to be worked, said bar being suspended by bolts having sleeves, the

length of said sleeves determining the height at which said member operates.

l. In combination with a road working apparatus, a working tool comprising a blade extending substantially normal to the surface to be frame, drawing means on said frame comprising laterally spaced rotatable sheaves and an endless cable around said sheaves, curb guards on said scraper members having rebent terminal portions, and'material packing means supported directly in front of said scraper members, said last named means including angle bars having a face parallel to the surface to be'worked, and being adjustly supported by means of sleeved bolts.

6. In a road'working apparatus, the combination of a'frame, scraper members carried by said frame, drawing means on said frame comprising laterally spaced rotatable sheaves and an endless cable around said sheaves, curb guards on said scraper members: having rebent terminal portions, and material packing means supported directly in front of said scraper members, said last named means including angle bars having a face parallel to the surface to be worked, and being adjustably supported by means of sleeved bolts, said frame having a crank shaft thereon with wheels mounted on said shaft, said wheels being rotatable in the direction of travel of said apparatus and said crank shaft having ooms? power means operatively associated therewith for raising and lowering said frame.

7.In a road working apparatus, the combination of a rigid frame with a plurality of angularly disposed scraper members, said frame having end of the scraper immediately in front of said last named scraper member terminating adjacent the longitudinal axis of said frame, certain of said scrape-r members extending completely across said frame with the discharge end of one mem-' ber adjacent the inlet end of an other member, whereby road surfacing material is caused to travel from one longitudinal edge of said'frame to the other.

FRED A. PEASE. 

